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- Ventilation Modes
- Abbreviations
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AutoFlow (optional)
Volume controlled ventilation with AutoFlow
Volume AF is a pressure controlled ventilation mode with a guaranteed tidal volume VT and frequency freq. as well as optional synchronization activation and variable pressure support for spontaneous breathing efforts (optional).
Volume AF combines the advantages of pressure controlled and volume controlled ventilation mode. The set tidal volume VT is delivered in a pressure controlled ventilation mode. The inspiratory pressure automatically adapts to the set tidal volume, limited by a maximum pressure PMAX. When starting the ventilation with Volume AF, the first mandatory breath is volume controlled in order to identify the necessary pressure level, if not known from a previous ventilation mode.
Apollo automatically adapts the inspiratory pressure to the changing lung condition from breathing cycle to breathing cycle in steps of max. ±3 mbar.
The delivery of tidal volume for one breathing cycle is limited to 130 % of the set tidal volume. If the volume limitation is active, the ventilation pressure for the following breath will be reduced to 75 % of the target pressure, but limited to a maximum of 15 mbar above PEEP.
Synchronization of volume controlled ventilation with AutoFlow and spontaneous breathing
Synchronization is activated by entering a value for the trigger sensitivity. A mandatory breath triggered by the patient is represented by a continuous vertical black line in the pressure curve and in the flow curve (trigger indicator). The active window for the stroke triggered by the patient corresponds to the last 25 % of the applicable expiratory time.
In Volume AF, the patient can additionally end the inspiratory phase during the last 50 % of the applicable inspiratory time when synchronization is activated. An inspiratory phase ended by the patient is represented by a continuous vertical black line in the pressure curve and in the flow curve (trigger indicator).
Iteration process
Cpat known from previous ventilation mode:
1st stroke: Pinsp = VT / Cpat
->target pressure is set
First stroke already delivers set VT with pressure mode pattern!
Cpat not known from previous ventilation mode:
1st stroke: volume mode breath
-> VT
2nd stroke: Pinsp = VT / Cpat
->target pressure is set
Changing the VT setting from 300ml to 420ml.
Increasing volume: the pressure increases in max. 3 mbar steps
Decreasing volume: the pressure directly decreases according to
Pinsp new = VT new / VT old * Pinsp old
Change due to the compliance
When compliance changes in volume mode Auto Flow, Pinsp changes so that VT stays constant (in pressure mode Pinsp is constant and VT, MV changes).